NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY ENGINEER WILLIAM T. POWERS WITH HIS HIGH EFFICIENCY- LOW POLLUTION ENGINE.William T. Powers (born August 29, 1926) is an independent scientist (that is, without institutional affiliation) who has developed perceptual control theory, which finds that the behavior of living things is not controlled by them, but rather is their means of controlling their inputs (perceptions). It differs from engineering control theory in that the reference variable for each control loop in a control hierarchy is set from within the system, rather than by a separate controller external to the system. He and colleagues in diverse fields have developed many demonstrations of negative feedback control and computer models or simulations that replicate observed and measured behavior of living systems (human and animal, individuals and groups of individuals) with a very high degree of fidelity (0.95 or better).(WIKIPEDIA)
